The Age of the Essay

Dante at the river Lethe in Purgatorio. Print by Dore.

Dante at the river Lethe in Purgatorio.


Our Approach to Writing


Our writing philosophy in this course is best expressed by Neil Postman:

Writing makes it possible and convenient to subject thought to a continuous and concentrated scrutiny. Writing freezes speech and in so doing gives birth to the grammarian, the logician, the rhetorician, the historian, the scientist — all those who must hold language before them so that they can see what it means, where it errs, and where it is leading.

That quotation, along with an overview of what we’ll call emulation-through-analysis work, is in this PDF overview. As that document notes, we also pay attention to Paul Graham and his theory that essay-writing in school focuses on literary analysis through “a series of historical accidents,” with the end result that most school essays are “now three steps removed from real work.” (If you are an AP junior, by the way, you’ve already seen this stuff.)

Except when test prep is necessary, you will read what you write and write what you read. You must understand how an author writes in order to emulate her, of course, but we are focused on using what we read, not doing what David Foster Wallace described as “the literary equivalent of tearing the petals off and grinding them up and running the goo through a spectrometer to explain why a rose smells so pretty.”

This essay, while focused in part on one particular quarter/class, explains more of what analysis means to us:

View at Medium.com


Find the River


Our focus early this week is on “The Age of the Essay,” which was written in 2004 by Paul Graham. You have a hard copy of this text — here it is in Google Drive — but it was originally published online:

Whichever version you read, do what seems most effective to you as you go. You don’t need to annotate the text, unless that’s what you would naturally do. You simply need to understand it. That is most often helped by interacting with the text, of course, and annotating is one way to do that.

At first, you should read this essay individually and silently. The reason: Sometimes you need to sit with your own thoughts, free of distraction, in order to find meaning. The collaborative chaos you create on most days is vital, and I think we will always be more inclined to spend our time that way than any other; it’s important, however, that you occasionally let silence into your life, especially while you read. It deepens the experience and allows you to get a bit more out of the text.

Look to Google Classroom for further instructions and any required assignments for this reading. After tackling Graham on your own, you should focus on the protégé effect, which we will define most often as proxy feedback. Read alone, and then talk to me and to each other.

One more thing: English 11R students began reading Graham last week; AP students will begin today, Monday, with a day to catch up. (That’s the burden of a college-level course.) You can and probably should work together, because the cross-pollination of ideas is a powerful part of collaboration.

Special Weapons and Tactics

*Stock image by way of the website of Blaz Kos, who has a phenomenal name. Would it have been a contender for Name of the Year? I don’t know. I just want an excuse to link to Deadspin’s NOTY. That will be time well spent.


Progress Reports


Junior S.W.O.T. Analysis

Our course intends to be a makerspace, which means that we intend to be flexible and responsive in what you are assigned, what you are taught, and what you create. Over the last two weeks, the divergent paths in Regents English 11 and its AP counterpart have repeatedly returned to the same concern:

Back to Basics

That’s a post written for the AP classes, but it contains some of the texts assigned to Regents students last week. We need to revisit how juniors are sorted and tracked at a later date; for now, it’s enough to note that you all need to grapple with procrastination, focus, stress, and time management.

On a not-unrelated note, Friday is the day marked by the high school for progress reports. Since our course is grade-abated, there will be no numbers to obsess over in Infinite Campus; instead, you will receive feedback of a different kind. You’ll need the profiles and tiered explications of grade abatement, and then you’ll need to read these:

Those two links instruct you in how to create a personal SWOT analysis. The acronym stands for strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, which are sorted according to whether they are internally or externally derived. Note that they tend to be less about specific actions and decisions, and more about the traits and habits that lead to those decisions.


An Aside: Big Brother Is (Sort of) Watching

We are focusing on assiduousness and akrasia now in all junior classes for a number of reasons:

  1. Your choices are central to grade abatement.
  2. These choices are correlated with academic success — as well as stress and anxiety.
  3. The essays and videos you’ve been given recently help you practice close reading.

Another reason? A few of you are off-task. Habitually. Not in the sense that you are briefly distracted, either. In the sense that you wile away the period discussing the way a drunk friend vandalized your property over the weekend, or in the sense that you spend more than a half-hour doing your AP US History homework instead of, you know, what I’ve asked you to do.

Last week, one of you packed up with five minutes remaining, took the small hair trimmer from your purse, and began trying to sculpt a friend’s eyebrows. That’s the sort of thing that I will stop you from doing, and not just because it is obviously inappropriate. Like throwing an inflatable shark across the room (also from last week; Spirit Week makes you all vaguely insane), it’s disruptive to others. If you don’t cross that line, however, I am likely to let you go. It’s your grave to dig.

Still, I see you. Your peers see you. We see your disrespect and disregard for the freedom of the class — a freedom that is best expressed in this way:

  1. If you need to talk or even to write about a friend’s drunken vandalism, this is the class that can probably make that fit your learning process. That’s rich subject matter for an essay, especially during a study of akrasia and empathy.
  2. If you desperately need to finish US History homework, I’ll probably let you use the class period, because we can turn that into a closer look at your organization, assiduousness, stress, integrity, etc. It’s worth delving into why you’re in that position. It might be reflective of the system, of your personal life, of a misunderstanding of grade abatement — all things that lend themselves to a feedback loop.

That’s freedom. If, however, you decide without discussion and sanction that you aren’t going to do our work, you might just fail this course. Look at the language of a GAP 2, which”may indicate a deliberate and systemic disengagement from the learning process.” The first time you choose to disrespect the classroom to that extent, you’ve deliberately disengaged. You’re halfway to a 2.

I don’t have time to redirect you every time you make a bad choice, especially in classes with 30+ students. If sharks or nose hair start flying, yes, I’ll intervene; in most cases, however, you need to be very, very afraid of what will happen if I have to take time to deal with you.

TL;DR: Don’t disrespect the class period. If you do, you’ll fail, and not just in the traditional sense. Train yourself to think differently about the environment.

End Aside


Junior S.W.O.T. Analysis (Continued)

Your next step is to determine how to adapt this tool to meet your needs. You could use the worksheet MindTools designed, or you could head over to Google to search for other templates, models, and approaches to SWOT analysis. There are dozens. I will offer you this one, which will be shared individually with each of you through Google Classroom:

Find a format that makes sense to you, and then adapt it to meet your individual needs. Complete that SWOT analysis with as much insight and detail as possible. Keep in mind what you’ve learned over the first month of school, too; the subjects of our lessons and your learning (empathy, assiduousness, stress, procrastination, etc) should directly inform this sort of thing.

The deadline is Tuesday for this work, but you’ll want to have it done well before then. This is your progress report, and it will be far more edifying than a range of numbers and a canned comment — if you do it well.

You’ll need to submit your SWOT analysis through Google Classroom (where the directions and links are cross-posted), so if you’re doing the work by hand, start thinking about how to get a copy of it online.

Here's one from the Mendoza College of Business at Notre Dame.

This is a SWOT template from the Mendoza College of Business at Notre Dame.

Ask questions about the assignment, including the particulars of a SWOT analysis, below.

An Exercise in Empathy, Part 1

Your Most Important Skill

Today’s text is about the definition of empathy and why it matters as a skill. It’s also about how that skill can be practiced and inculcated1. This is primarily a source that gives you information — facts and logic and ideas that inform your own thinking.

Empathy, you’ll see, is at the center of the highest profiles. It’s the first and most important skill listed. The title of today’s essay is, therefore, probably not a surprise: “Why Empathy Is Your Most Important Skill.”

The version of the essay you’ll read today is also an example of ramiform readingRamiform mean “branch-like,” and it can be applied to most articles online. Here’s the first paragraph of our article:

I’ve never considered myself a real programmer. I know at this point it’s probably silly to say, but I started my scholastic and professional life as a musician, and I’ve never quite recovered from the impostor syndrome that comes with making such a shift. One of the faux-self-deprecations I use to describe myself is: “I’m a people person who just happens to express this tendency through programming and technology projects.”

The link defines “imposter syndrome” for you. You don’t need to Google that term or guess at its meaning; the link does that work for you. It branches you off to another website to learn a bit more about the subject. The rest of the paragraph invites you to define unknown terms, too (“faux-self-deprecations” probably needs a definition), but the link is what makes the reading ramiform.

Most folks don’t click on the links in an online article. Most don’t even finish the article. You need to be different. When you encounter a link, click on it. Follow that branch for a bit, see what information it offers, and then return to the original text. Let your reading be ramiform, and you’ll strengthen your brain’s white matter.

More specifically, you’ll hone the skill of close reading. You’ll sharpen your assiduousness2. You’ll need to work together, which will bring collegiality into focus. In fact, most of the skills and traits in these profiles — and the profiles themselves — will be exercised over the next few days.

I will point out what is being developed as we go, which will bring clarity to the process. Most of that feedback will happen in person, but I want you to start asking questions in the comment section of this site — the space below this post, where you must use a social media account of some kind to talk to me. Fortunately, you have a Google+ account through our high school.

Make sure you keep these handouts nearby:

Remember that we use these profiles, skills, and traits all year – you aren’t expected to have internalized them yet. My hope is that you’ve read over them3; it will take time for you to see their universal application.

To load the article, click the image below:

Image via Vladgrin (Shutterstock).

Image via Vladgrin (Shutterstock).

If, for any reason, that doesn’t work, use this direct link:

Updates to this assignment will be posted here or on Google Classroom. Talk to me below, if you can’t find me in the sea of students in our classroom.


  1. The key part of the definition of this word is its emphasis on repetition. You only develop this sort of skill through rigorous work. There are no shortcuts. 

  2. Because it takes that specific kind of work ethic to push through ramiform reading. Again, there are no shortcuts. 

  3. And not just because that was the assignment. It’s about repetition — about inculcating understanding over repeated use. Keep reading over these ideas, talking to me about them, and reflecting on what you learn.