In Defense of Distraction

Click below to load “In Defense of Distraction,” a 2009 New York Magazine article by Sam Anderson:

http://nymag.com/news/features/56793/

Anderson has written more than six thousand words here, and the full article is more relevant now than it was in 2009. Consider his final thoughts:

Kids growing up now might have an associative genius we don’t—a sense of the way ten projects all dovetail into something totally new. They might be able to engage in seeming contradictions: mindful web-surfing, mindful Twittering. Maybe, in flights of irresponsible responsibility, they’ll even manage to attain the paradoxical, Zenlike state of focused distraction.

The idea of “associative genius” is fascinating, especially with the kind of access you now have to computers and smartphones. Note, too, the mention of being “mindful.” What we do is always connected to mindfulness, whether you use that term or not.

For our purposes, you should read the entire article, but you are required only to read the following excerpts:

Those excerpts are reposted below for those who prefer a non-Google format, or a format that permits tools like Snap&Read. (See the post on organization for a description and directions for Snap&Read.)

Read these excerpts, take notes, discuss the ideas, and think critically about how this applies to you, now, in this school. You will be asked to write a response to these excerpts (or to the entire article, if you choose to read it). In the comment section of this post, you should ask questions and offer your observations and insights.


Extended Response Focus


The response you will write to Anderson’s article does not need to consider more than the excerpts posted above. To do more than just what is required, however, which is one path to the top tier of profiles, you might look at his final paragraph, which is about you:

Which brings me, finally, to the next generation of attenders, the so-called “net-gen” or “digital natives,” kids who’ve grown up with the Internet and other time-slicing technologies. There’s been lots of hand-wringing about all the skills they might lack, mainly the ability to concentrate on a complex task from beginning to end, but surely they can already do things their elders can’t—like conduct 34 conversations simultaneously across six different media, or pay attention to switching between attentional targets in a way that’s been considered impossible. More than any other organ, the brain is designed to change based on experience, a feature called neuroplasticity. London taxi drivers, for instance, have enlarged hippocampi (the brain region for memory and spatial processing)—a neural reward for paying attention to the tangle of the city’s streets. As we become more skilled at the 21st-century task Meyer calls “flitting,” the wiring of the brain will inevitably change to deal more efficiently with more information. The neuroscientist Gary Small speculates that the human brain might be changing faster today than it has since the prehistoric discovery of tools. Research suggests we’re already picking up new skills: better peripheral vision, the ability to sift information rapidly. We recently elected the first-ever BlackBerry president, able to flit between sixteen national crises while focusing at a world-class level. Kids growing up now might have an associative genius we don’t—a sense of the way ten projects all dovetail into something totally new. They might be able to engage in seeming contradictions: mindful web-surfing, mindful Twittering. Maybe, in flights of irresponsible responsibility, they’ll even manage to attain the paradoxical, Zenlike state of focused distraction.

Anderson reported the research and wove in his insight back in 2009. You are those “kids who’ve grown up with the Internet and other time-slicing technologies” he describes here.

That means an important an authentic prompt is this: To what extent is this final paragraph accurate?

Organization: Skills to Frame the Rest

From the profile of an INTJ, or “Architect.” Click for the website by NERIS Analytics Limited, which includes a free test and explanation of these personality classifications.


Getting Things Done, Part 1


You are reading this post because you need to organize the academic stuff you have on you. That word, stuff, comes from a root meaning “to equip,” and that’s the idea: You equip yourself every day in order to deal with school and the work it requires. You gear up.

Start with a frank assessment of how you do that. This is an inventory of your equipment, so to speak. You are going to empty your bag, metaphorically and literally, and then use the resources of our makerspace to improve or replace what you find.

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What to Do at the Start of Class

The start of every class period should look the same. As you arrive, even before the bell rings, you should begin the start-of-class checklist. It will focus you in several ways.

On Google Classroom, it looks like this:

That link loads the handout. It fits on the front of a single page. Laminated color copies are posted on the walls and spread throughout the room.

Here is a direct link: https://tinyurl.com/makerspace-start


Step #1: The Physical Space


Using the space effectively is about much more than modular tables and rolling chairs. You can choose seats that allow you to collaborate, and you can rearrange the room to suit your goals. Be sure to

  • sit where you can be most productive;
  • avoid groups that will distract you;
  • load only what you need on your Chromebook; and
  • put away your phone.

On the last two points: Store the phone where it can’t tentacle its way into the learning environment, and strip the Chromebook of anything not related to our work. You lack the self-control to do anything else.


Step #2: Google Classroom


The use of a form to set goals and practice mindfulness is detailed here: The Start of Class: Daily Calibration. The goal-setting is a requirement. It ought to happen at the start of class, and it must happen within the first ten minutes or so.

Always check your current, upcoming, and missing assignments. Those posts will provide a road map for the rest of the period. Read all directions and announcements carefully, and be sure to click on every link.


Step #3: Gmail


This step is best understood as a failsafe for Google Classroom. Set up notifications so that you can be informed of any and all updates related to the course, from new posts to individual feedback. If you need help organizing your Gmail inbox, make that a priority.


Step #4: Google Drive


Another failsafe. You’re more likely to open documents and files somewhere else, but you should have this app organized well enough to find any file you need quickly.

You will often share folders and files from Drive when you are compiling evidence for grading purposes.


Step #5: Sisyphean High


You most often find yourself on the course website through a Google Classroom link. It needs to be bookmarked, though, because it contains everything related to the learning process. All lectures, notes, and other posts are required reading.

You should also begin to use this site as a means of asking questions and getting feedback. The comment section is always open, and it’s a waste to leave it empty.

River Writing: On Empathy


Writing Prompt


Your prompt:

Write an essay on a subject from your study of the practice of empathy.


Directions


Each hyperlink in the prompt leads to the entirety of what you need to write this essay. It starts with the writing process post, which leads you to your writing guide:

The questions guide you through the modular elements of writing. Here is the second page:

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Reading in Practice


What to Do


The post on the reading process is itself a practical guide, and even a philosophical question about reading leads to actionable answers. The fault response in a makerspace should always be: How can I use this?

The following list, however, covers all instructional posts on what we do with what we read.

How to Choose a Book

Holt’s Checkpoint, Choosing to Read, and After You Read

Good Reads and Goodreads

Writing Process: Reader’s Response


Additional Resources


These last posts deal more specifically with analysis, literary analysis, and traditional ELA assignments. There is also an older but still useful version of the post on choosing a work of literary merit.

View at Medium.com

As You Read: Works of Literary Merit

Literary Analysis Guide

 

Choosing to Read [2018]

Guided Analysis: “The Age of the Essay”

Using the Makerspace

Be sure you’ve read Paul Graham’s “The Age of the Essay” and the interstitial lecture below:

The Age of the Essay, Updated

Then you will be asked to complete a unique copy of this form:

That is a copy accessible to all. You will be given one through Google Classroom specific to your class. Do not complete the above form for assessment.

This assignment will guide you through some of the later paragraphs of the essay, instructing you to analyze, unpack, and respond to specific quotations and ideas.

You can use the following general feedback to help you:

That general feedback is not a set of correct responses that can be copied; it is a guide to understanding that requires you to put in additional work. It is one tool among many.

Note that one of the questions you must answer directs you to read an interstitial post that is posted alongside your syllabus and introduction to the course:

This, too, is one tool among many. Proceed slowly and deliberately — assiduously, in other words — and ask questions as you go.

SWOT Analysis


Network of Possible Wanderings


To create the best version of you, you must become an expert in your own learning. You’ve done a considerable amount of metacognitive work already, but there is always more to do. This time, we’re looking to expand your “network of possible wanderings,” a term used by Teresa Amabile to define expertise:

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The Age of the Essay

If you are looking for the lightly updated version for 2022, click here.

Camille Corot’s “Interrupted Reading” (1870)


Our Approach to Writing


Our writing philosophy in this course is best expressed by Neil Postman:

Writing makes it possible and convenient to subject thought to a continuous and concentrated scrutiny. Writing freezes speech and in so doing gives birth to the grammarian, the logician, the rhetorician, the historian, the scientist — all those who must hold language before them so that they can see what it means, where it errs, and where it is leading.

Over time, that philosophy has led to a universal writing process. Here are the links you need to utilize that process:

The universal writing guide, college essay guide, and Paul Graham’s “The Age of the Essay” are also available in a printed packet:

The universal guide is essential to any writing-based work in our makerspace. Paul Graham’s “The Age of the Essay” is also the textual focus of our writing unit. More on that below.

Overall, except when test prep is necessary, you should read what you write and write what you read. You must understand how an author writes in order to emulate that author, of course, so we are focused on using what we read, not doing what David Foster Wallace described as “the literary equivalent of tearing the petals off and grinding them up and running the goo through a spectrometer to explain why a rose smells so pretty.”

This essay, while focused in part on one particular quarter/class, explains more of what analysis means to us:

View at Medium.com


The Age of the Essay


Here is Paul Graham’s “The Age of the Essay” on his website:

Read this carefully. You aren’t required to annotate the text, but you must understand it. Annotating is one way to do that. Another is to read the essay individually and silently. The collaborative chaos you create on most days is vital, and I think we will always be more inclined to spend our time that way than any other. It’s important, however, that you occasionally let silence into your life, especially while you read. Sometimes you need to sit with your own thoughts, free of distraction, in order to find meaning.

Once you’ve read Graham’s essay, complete the following:

Q&A: “The Age of the Essay”

I might also encourage you to practice interrupted reading with this text. The copy below numbers the paragraphs:

Interrupted reading is what it sounds like: You read a bit, discuss or write about what you’ve read, and then read more. That’s closer to what real-world reading looks like, and it invites others You don’t want to destroy the act of reading, though, which is why you should read the instructional essay on analysis and over-analysis. You need a balance.

To encourage you to get started, here is an excerpt from the beginning of Graham’s essay on essays:

The most obvious difference between real essays and the things one has to write in school is that real essays are not exclusively about English literature. Certainly schools should teach students how to write. But due to a series of historical accidents the teaching of writing has gotten mixed together with the study of literature. And so all over the country students are writing not about how a baseball team with a small budget might compete with the Yankees, or the role of color in fashion, or what constitutes a good dessert, but about symbolism in Dickens.

With the result that writing is made to seem boring and pointless. Who cares about symbolism in Dickens? Dickens himself would be more interested in an essay about color or baseball.

How did things get this way? To answer that we have to go back almost a thousand years…

The complete essay gives you the rest of the history, and then it gives us the philosophy and practicality we’ll need to spend the rest of the school year developing your ability and desire to write.

You should also read Graham’s “A Version 1.0,” which is an interesting look at how he edited and revised “The Age of the Essay” into its published state. Here is a direct link:

Q&A: “The Age of the Essay”


Guided Reading


As you finish reading our essay on essays, focus your analysis and discussion on the following details. Use the comment section here to ask questions, and monitor the comments for my replies and and any feedback from your peers. You will be asked to attach your answers to an assignment on Google Classroom.

¶33 — “Err on the side of the river.” | Break down the river metaphor into actionable language. This is probably the most important metaphor for us in the essay, so make sure it’s clear to you.

¶40 — “At sixteen I was about as observant as a lump of rock.” | This is worth highlighting for a simple reason: You have to be more observant than this, regardless of age. It’s good not to know things, too; that’s the starting place for the next idea.

¶42 — “[T]he more you learn, the more hooks you have for new facts to stick onto — which means you accumulate knowledge at what’s colloquially called an exponential rate.” | Unpack this idea using the next quotation and Graham’s surrounding logic. Again, focus on actionable language — what we can do with this idea.

¶44 — “When it comes to surprises, the rich get richer.” | In context: What does it mean to get richer? How does it connect to writing?

¶45 — “I find it especially useful to ask about things that seems wrong.” | Connect this to the later idea of disobedience. What are you looking for when you search for subjects and approaches for an essay?

¶51 — “Whatever you study, include history — but social and economic history, not political history. History seems to me so important that it’s misleading to treat it as a mere field of study. Another way to describe it is all the data we have so far. | Put this in the context of the entire essay, which you’ll remember starts with a history lesson. Then reflect on your own habits here — your approach to history as Graham describes it, not as a subject in school.


The Main Ingredients


¶38 — “[I]f you want to write essays, you need two ingredients: a few topics you’ve thought about a lot, and some ability to ferret out the unexpected.”

This quotation is separated, under its own subheading, and out of order, so you can focus on it. First, discuss this idea of “ferret[ing] out the unexpected,” connecting it to the idea of “get[ting] deeply enough into it” in ¶39 and “mak[ing] a habit of paying attention to things you’re not supposed to” in ¶53.

Then see what you can do reach back to the start of school, when you got this course’s culinary metaphor:

View at Medium.com

I want you to see how things connect, and I want you to think about how we’re going to approach writing for the rest of the year. Take the time to reflect on this. Analyze your own habits, including what you think about a lot, what you’re “not supposed to” pay attention to, etc., and write some of this insight in the comments here to start an interstitial discussion.

Quick update: Below is an essay that fits this idea of river-writing almost perfectly. It’s also an example of the outside limits of what’s possible in a makerspace like ours. If you have the time, read it, and then fold it into your discussion of Graham:

View at Medium.com

If you want to see what essays in the real world look like, why they matter, etc., start with that.